What process involves the storage and retrieval of information in the brain?

The process that involves the storage and retrieval of information in the brain is memory. Memory encompasses various cognitive functions that allow individuals to encode, store, and subsequently retrieve information over time. It is a complex system that involves different stages, including the initial encoding of information (how information is transformed into a format that can be stored in the brain), the consolidation of that information into long-term memory, and the retrieval or recalling of that stored information when necessary.

While encoding, perception, and retrieval are critical components of the overall memory process, they do not encompass all aspects of how information is retained and accessed. Encoding refers specifically to the initial processing of information. Perception relates to the way sensory information is interpreted, and retrieval focuses solely on accessing stored information. In contrast, memory as a whole includes all these processes, making it the most comprehensive answer for the question.